Phenytoin cas no:57-41-0
Synonyms: Hydantoin,5,5-diphenyl- (8CI); 5,5-Diphenyl-1H-imidazolidine-2,4-dione;5,5-Diphenyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione; 5,5-Diphenylhydantoin; Aleviatin; DPH;Denyl; Di-Hydan; Di-Lan; Dihycon; Dilabid; Dintoina; Diphantoin; Diphedan;Diphenat; Diphenylan; Diphenylhydantoin; Ekko; Hidantal; Hydantol; Lehydan;Lepitoin; NSC 8722; Phenytek; Phenytoin; Phenytoine; Sodanton; Zentropil
NamePhenytoin
CAS57-41-0
SynonymsHydantoin,5,5-diphenyl- (8CI); 5,5-Diphenyl-1H-imidazolidine-2,4-dione;5,5-Diphenyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione; 5,5-Diphenylhydantoin; Aleviatin; DPH;Denyl; Di-Hydan; Di-Lan; Dihycon; Dilabid; Dintoina; Diphantoin; Diphedan;Diphenat; Diphenylan; Diphenylhydantoin; Ekko; Hidantal; Hydantol; Lehydan;Lepitoin; NSC 8722; Phenytek; Phenytoin; Phenytoine; Sodanton; Zentropil
EINECS(EC#)200-328-6
Molecular FormulaC15H12 N2 O2
Molecular Weight252.2680
Appearancewhite crystals or powder
storage temp2-8°C
Globally Harmonized System of Classification adn Labelling of Chemicals(GHS)
Hazardclass6.1(b)
Hazard T:Toxic
Risk R22;R40;R45;R61;R63
Safety Hazard Codes:T,Xn,F
Risk Statements:45-61-22-63-40-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-11-20/21/22
45:May cause cancer
61:May cause harm to the unborn child
22:Harmful if swallowed
63:Possible risk of harm to the unborn child
40:Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect
39/23/24/25:Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through
inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed
23/24/25:Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed
11:Highly Flammable
20/21/22:Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed
Safety Statements:53-45-36/37-16-7
53:Avoid exposure - obtain special instruction before use
45:In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical
advice immediately (show label where possible)
36/37:Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves
16:Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking
7:Keep container tightly closed
RIDADR:2811
WGK Germany:3
HazardClass:6.1(b)
PackingGroup:II
HS Code:29332100
Hazardous Substances Data:57-41-0(Hazardous Substances Data)
HS Code 29332100
CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION
- RTECS NUMBER :
- MU1050000
- CHEMICAL NAME :
- Hydantoin, 5,5-diphenyl-
- CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
- 57-41-0
- LAST UPDATED :
- 199801
- DATA ITEMS CITED :
- 121
- MOLECULAR FORMULA :
- C15-H12-N2-O2
- MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
- 252.29
- WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
- T5MVMV EHJ ER& ER
HEALTH HAZARD DATA
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - woman
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 200 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions
Behavioral - ataxia
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - child
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 3 mg/kg/3W
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, other (after systemic exposure)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - woman
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 540 mg/kg/90D-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Blood - eosinophilia
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - structural or functional change in trachea
or bronchi
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - child
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 100 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - child
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 11 mg/kg/D
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay)
Behavioral - ataxia
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - man
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 31 mg/kg/4D-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Brain and Coverings - encephalitis
Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions
Behavioral - irritability
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - woman
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 106 mg/kg/2W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Brain and Coverings - encephalitis
Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions
Behavioral - ataxia
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - man
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1300 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Blood - other changes
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - child
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 140 mg/kg/2W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Liver - jaundice, other or unclassified
Blood - other changes
Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, other (after systemic exposure)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intravenous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - child
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 15 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intravenous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - child
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 15 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex)
Behavioral - excitement
Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Unreported
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - child
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 18 mg/kg/3D-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - excitement
Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1635 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - sleep
Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex)
Behavioral - muscle weakness
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 352 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Subcutaneous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- >1500 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intravenous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 101 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 150 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - anticonvulsant
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 100 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Subcutaneous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 110 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intravenous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 92 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Unreported
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 800 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intravenous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Mammal - dog
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 90 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rabbit
- DOSE/DURATION :
- >3 gm/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intravenous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rabbit
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 56400 ug/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory stimulation
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Mammal - species unspecified
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 250 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - anticonvulsant
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1865 mg/kg/13W-C
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - woman
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1620 mg/kg
female 1-39 week(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Reproductive - Tumorigenic effects - transplacental tumorigenesis
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - Kidney tumors
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - woman
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1620 mg/kg
female 1-39 week(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Reproductive - Tumorigenic effects - transplacental tumorigenesis
Brain and Coverings - tumors
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - woman
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 730 mg/kg/1Y-C
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Blood - lymphoma, including Hodgkin's disease
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Unreported
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - woman
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1620 mg/kg
female 1-39 week(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Reproductive - Tumorigenic effects - transplacental tumorigenesis
Brain and Coverings - tumors
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Unreported
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - woman
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1620 mg/kg
female 1-39 week(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Reproductive - Tumorigenic effects - transplacental tumorigenesis
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - Kidney tumors
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1500 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
Skin and Appendages - tumors
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 52560 mg/kg/2Y-C
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Liver - tumors
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1500 mg/kg/27D-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
Skin and Appendages - tumors
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - woman
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 730 mg/kg/1Y-C
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Blood - lymphoma, including Hodgkin's disease
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - child
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 6023 mg/kg/1Y-C
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria
Blood - lymphoma, including Hodgkin's disease
Skin and Appendages - tumors
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 105 gm/kg/2Y-C
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
Liver - tumors
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 5284 mg/kg/17W-C
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
Blood - tumors
Blood - lymphoma, including Hodgkin's disease
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 1080 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 1-39 week(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial
(including nose and tongue)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 1620 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 1-39 week(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - eye/ear
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial
(including nose and tongue)
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - cardiovascular
(circulatory) system
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 3240 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 1-39 week(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight
gain)
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - physical
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 1365 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 1-39 week(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial
(including nose and tongue)
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - physical
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - delayed effects
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 540 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 1-39 week(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - skin and skin
appendages
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - other developmental
abnormalities
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Unreported
- DOSE :
- 3675 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 1-35 week(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - skin and skin
appendages
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - physical
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - delayed effects
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Unreported
- DOSE :
- 1620 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 1-39 week(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - cardiovascular
(circulatory) system
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - other postnatal measures or effects
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Unreported
- DOSE :
- 540 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 1-39 week(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight
gain)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 800 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 11-14 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - eye/ear
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 50 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 7-16 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - biochemical and metabolic
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 2400 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 7-18 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4
per # born alive)
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight
gain)
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 1300 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 7-19 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight
gain)
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 540 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 9-17 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured
before birth)
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 2400 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 7-18 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight
gain)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- DOSE :
- 50 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 1 day(s) pre-mating
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Maternal Effects - menstrual cycle changes or disorders
Reproductive - Fertility - other measures of fertility
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- DOSE :
- 338 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 12-14 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - body wall
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - urogenital system
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- DOSE :
- 150 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 11 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - urogenital system
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- DOSE :
- 100 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 11 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
e.g., stunted fetus)
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- DOSE :
- 150 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 14 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Subcutaneous
- DOSE :
- 900 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 10-15 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
resorbed implants per total number of implants)
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - extra-embryonic structures
(e.g., placenta, umbilical cord)
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
e.g., stunted fetus)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Subcutaneous
- DOSE :
- 900 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 10-15 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Subcutaneous
- DOSE :
- 600 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 13-15 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial
(including nose and tongue)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Subcutaneous
- DOSE :
- 120 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 15-22 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Subcutaneous
- DOSE :
- 1050 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 1-21 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - other postnatal measures or effects
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Parenteral
- DOSE :
- 4800 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- male 60 day(s) pre-mating
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Fertility - male fertility index (e.g. # males impregnating
females per # males exposed to fertile nonpregnant females)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 85 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 10 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Fertility - abortion
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 640 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 14 day(s) pre-mating
female 1-18 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - cardiovascular
(circulatory) system
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - urogenital system
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 150 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 6-15 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 400 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 9-18 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - eye/ear
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - immune and
reticuloendothelial system
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 45 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 12 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial
(including nose and tongue)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 630 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 8-12 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - live birth index (measured after birth)
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4
per # born alive)
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight
gain)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- DOSE :
- 58 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 13 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - cytological changes (including
somatic cell genetic material)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- DOSE :
- 88 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 9 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - biochemical and metabolic
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- DOSE :
- 150 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 11-13 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in
number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
resorbed implants per total number of implants)
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial
(including nose and tongue)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- DOSE :
- 75 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 10 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - other effects to embryo
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- DOSE :
- 50 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 13 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- DOSE :
- 88 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 10 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
resorbed implants per total number of implants)
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - urogenital system
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Subcutaneous
- DOSE :
- 100 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 11 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
resorbed implants per total number of implants)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intramuscular
- DOSE :
- 100 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 10 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial
(including nose and tongue)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Parenteral
- DOSE :
- 88 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 9 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - other effects to embryo
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Parenteral
- DOSE :
- 263 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 11-13 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial
(including nose and tongue)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Unreported
- DOSE :
- 75 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 9 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Unreported
- DOSE :
- 106 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 8-10 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - cardiovascular
(circulatory) system
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Unreported
- DOSE :
- 210 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 25-45 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - urogenital system
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 300 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 16 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 450 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 14-16 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial
(including nose and tongue)
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Unreported
- DOSE :
- 450 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 6-8 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial
(including nose and tongue)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 330 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 8-18 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
resorbed implants per total number of implants)
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
- TYPE OF TEST :
- Morphological transformation
- TYPE OF TEST :
- Sister chromatid exchange
MUTATION DATA
- TYPE OF TEST :
- Sister chromatid exchange
- TEST SYSTEM :
- Rodent - hamster Ovary
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1600 mg/L
- REFERENCE :
- EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E.
11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year:
10(Suppl 10),1,1987
*** REVIEWS ***
IARC Cancer Review:Human Limited Evidence
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 13,201,1977
IARC Cancer Review:Animal Limited Evidence
IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49
Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year:
7,319,1987
IARC Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 66,175,1996
IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 66,175,1996
IARC Cancer Review:Group 2B
IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49
Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year:
7,319,1987
IARC Cancer Review:Group 2B
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 66,175,1996
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
DICPBB Drug Intelligence and Clinical Pharmacy. (POB 42435, Cincinnati, OH
45242) V.3- 1969- Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,690,1974
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
AUHPAI Australian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy. (B.R. Miller, POB 125,
Heidelberg, Vic., Australia) V.1- 1971- Volume(issue)/page/year:
4(1),5,1974
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
DRUGAY Drugs. International Journal of Current Therapeutics and Applied
Pharmacology Reviews. (ADIS Press International Inc., Suite B-30, Oxford
Ct. Business Center, 582 Middletown Blvd., Langhorne, PA 19047) V.1- 1971-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,354,1974
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
INTEAG Internist. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz
Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.1- 1960- Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,7,1974
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
EPILAK Epilepsia (New York). (Raven Press, 1185 Ave. of the Americas, New
York, NY 10036) Ser.1-3: 1909-55; Ser.4: V.1- 1959-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 16,159,1975
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
CLCHAU Clinical Chemistry (Winston-Salem, NC). (American Assoc. for
Clinical Chemistry, 1725 K St., NW, Washington, DC 20006) V.1- 1955-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,361,1973
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
PRSMA4 Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine. (New York, NY) V.1-70,
1907-77. For publisher information, see JRSMD9. Volume(issue)/page/year:
63,48,1970
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
FNSCA6 Forensic Science. (Lausanne, Switzerland) V.1-11, 1972-78. For pub
lisher information, see FSINDR. Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,67,1973
TOXICOLOGY RIVIEW
BMJOAE British Medical Journal. (British Medical Assoc., BMA House,
Tavistock Sq., London WC1H 9JR, UK) V.1- 1857- Volume(issue)/page/year:
2,442,1973
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
DMWOAX Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift. (Stuttgart, Fed. Rep. Ger.)
V.1-104, 1875-1979. Volume(issue)/page/year: 105,719,1980
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan
R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.1- 1968-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,18A,1979
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
BIREBV Biology of Reproduction. (Soc. for the Study of Reproduction, 309 W.
Clark St., Champaign, IL 61820) V.1- 1969- Volume(issue)/page/year:
8,259,1973
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
43VSAU "Phenytoin-Induced Teratology and Gingival Pathology," Hassell, T.M.,
et al., eds., New York, Raven Press, 1980 Volume(issue)/page/year:
-,83,1980
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
JADSAY Journal of the American Dental Association. (American Dental Assoc.,
211 E. Chicago Ave., Chicago, IL 60611) V.9- 1922-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 99,652,1979
*** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***
NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA :
NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974)
NOHS Hazard Code - 80404
No. of Facilities: 182 (estimated)
No. of Industries: 2
No. of Occupations: 8
No. of Employees: 3344 (estimated)
NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983)
NOES Hazard Code - 80404
No. of Facilities: 1154 (estimated)
No. of Industries: 5
No. of Occupations: 10
No. of Employees: 23400 (estimated)
No. of Female Employees: 16795 (estimated)
